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TL;DR
Irradiation (kWh/m²/year) directly determines your solar production. In French-speaking Switzerland: 1 100 kWh/m² (Jura) to 1 500 kWh/m² (Valais). Reference tool: PVGIS (European Commission, free).
Definition
Global solar irradiation (GHI) is the amount of solar energy received per m² in one year. For an inclined and oriented panel, optimal inclined plane (POA) irradiation is used.
Valais (VS)
1 450–1 650 kWh/m²
Geneva (GE)
1 300–1 450 kWh/m²
Vaud (VD)
1 300–1 400 kWh/m²
Jura (JU)
1 100–1 200 kWh/m²
Components: direct radiation (DNI), diffuse (sky, clouds) and reflected (albedo). Reference source for Switzerland: PVGIS (re.jrc.ec.europa.eu) + MeteoSwiss. Production = POA irradiation × surface area × system efficiency (PR × η panels).
Irradiation POA approximate: VS 1 450–1 650, GE 1 300–1 450, VD 1 300–1 400, FR 1 250–1 350, NE 1 200–1 300, BE 1 150–1 250, JU 1 100–1 200 kWh/m²/an.
Related guides
Use PVGIS (re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools): enter your address, slope and azimuth of your roof. This free tool gives POA irradiation and estimated production.
Yes, by ±5–10% depending on the year. Good and bad years are balanced over a decade. Variability is greater in the Jura (fog) than in Valais (pure Alpine sky).
Sources & method
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