Technical explanation
Shading can activate bypass diodes and create multiple power points. Loss is therefore not always the weakest module loss multiplied by the whole string. Check cold-weather voltage, MPPT range, current and protection.
Definition · Equipment
String (PV string)Modules connected in series
TL;DR
A string connects modules in series. Its design must respect voltage and current limits of modules, protection devices and inverter inputs.
Definition
In a series connection, module voltages add and circuit elements carry a common current. One or more strings may connect to an MPPT within equipment limits.
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Connection
In series
❄️
Maximum voltage
Check at low temperature
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Shading
Simulate losses
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Sizing
Per modules and inverter
Swiss context
The quote plan must identify modules, strings and inputs. Strings with very different lengths must not share a parallel connection on one MPPT without manufacturer-compliant electrical justification.
Related terms
Related guides
FAQs — String (PV string)
Can we mix panels of different powers in the same string?+
Nominal power alone is insufficient. Check current-voltage characteristics, temperatures, shading and equipment limits. Identical modules simplify sizing but do not remove these checks.
How many strings are needed for a 8 kWp installation?+
8 kWp does not define the string count. It depends on modules, roof and inverter. Require a cold-weather voltage and current calculation for each input before installation.
Sources & method
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